Ubuncinci besiphaluka se-amplifier yomqokeleli ovulekileyo (isango le-OC) le-NPN kunye ne-PNP: ukukhutshwa kokutshintshwa kwe-saturation amplification.

Umqokeleli ovulekileyo sisicelo esikhethekileyo sesekethe ye-amplifier ye-triode.Umqokeleli we-C ubekwe kwinqanaba eliphezulu, kwaye i-emitter ye-E ibekwe kwinqanaba eliphantsi.Xa isiseko se-B sithumela isignali encinci, i-saturated amplified switching signal iphuma kumqokeleli, othi "1" kwisekethe yedijithali.Isekethe yeamplifier evulekileyo yokuqokelela ngamanye amaxesha ibizwa ngokuba yisango le-OC.

Kwishishini lokuzenzekelayo, "i-PNP" kunye ne "NPN" ibonakaliswe ngokuthe ngqo njengemveliso yesignali ye-PNP evulekileyo yokuqokelela i-amplifier yesiphaluka kunye nesiphumo se-NPN evulekileyo ye-amplifier circuit.

I-terminal eqhelekileyo yonikezelo lwamandla kunye nomqondiso we-PNP umqokeleli ovulekileyo kwinqanaba eliphantsi, elibizwa ngokuba yi-cathode eqhelekileyo.

Ukunikezelwa kwamandla kunye nomqondiso we-terminal eqhelekileyo ye-NPN umqokeleli ovulekileyo kwinqanaba eliphezulu, elikwabizwa ngokuba yi-anode eqhelekileyo.

Ngenxa yokwahlukana kolwalathiso lokuhamba komqondiso kunye nemodi yoxhumo oluqhelekileyo lwe-terminal, isignali ye-PNP kunye ne-NPN isignali kufuneka iphinde ihambelane ne-polarity yesiphaluka esihambelanayo esifumanayo, oko kukuthi, i-PNP yokufumana isiphaluka ifumana umqondiso we-PNP kunye ne-NPN yokufumana isiphaluka ifumana uphawu lwe-NPN.

Uhlobo lomthombo kunye nodidi lombhobho zizishunqulelo ze "source amplifier circuit" kunye ne "drain amplifier circuit", ezibonakala zinxulumene nesalathiso sangoku sokuhamba kwesandisi somqondiso.

I-triode evulekile yomqokeleli wesiphaluka ithumela umqondiso omncinci, okhuliswe kwisignali yokutshintsha ukuba ibe yimveliso kumqokeleli, ehambelana ne-sensor eva umqondiso womzimba kwaye emva koko ikhuphe uphawu lokutshintsha.Ke ngoko, abenzi boluvo abaninzi bakhetha olu hlobo lweNPN kunye nePNP evulekileyo yohlobo lokuphuma komqokeleli.Ukukhutshwa kwe-pulse ye-encoder eyongeziweyo kukwalutshintsho lwezinga eliphezulu kunye nenqanaba le-pulse, ngoko ke abaninzi abafakeli beekhowudi zakwangoko bakhethe olu hlobo lokuphuma komqokeleli oluvulekileyo lweNPN kunye ne-PNP.